Gender features of psychophysiological state in handball players

Background and purpose Over the past decade, women's handball has evolved towards increasing speed and rapid development of technical skills during competitions. Female players demonstrated a new technical and tactical approach and reduced execution time through the use of running and jumping exercises. Handball preparation requires an integrated approach to training, including the following components: physical performance, technical abilities and mental readiness. In this regard, psychophysiological functions play a key role in efficient movement and the implementation of special skills. Material and Methods A total of 24 female handball players (age 22.54; SD=2.54) and 17 male handball players (age 21.83; SD=2.69) were examined. We used a set of test batteries that assess the level of psycho-emotional state and neurodynamic functions. All tests are part of the computer diagnostic complex "Multipsychometer-05". Results The results revealed differences in some variables between male and female handball players. Male handball players had a high level of psychoemotional stress. This is due to the predominance of sympathetic activation. Female handball players had a balance of sympathetic and parasympathetic activation with optimization of the emotional state. According to the balance of nervous processes, male handball players had a balance of excitation and inhibition. But female handball players had a predominance of excitation. The decision-making ability of male handball players was faster than that of female handball players. This fact indicates a faster ability to process information in male handball players. The conducted correlation analysis revealed gender features of information processing strategies. In male handball players, the balance of nervous processes contributes to the optimization of the emotional state. In female handball players, independent decisions were revealed in female compared to male. Conclusions The results obtained showed that the peculiarities of the psychophysiological state of handball players manifest themselves in different information processing strategies. In male, this manifests itself in emotional tension, balance of nervous processes, and faster decision-making. In female, an optimal emotional state, predominance of nervous system excitation, and slower decision-making are observed.

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