The Role of Amino Acids in Soil

The study investigates the composition, distribution, and functional role of amino acids in the soils of northern Fergana, focusing on virgin and irrigated sierozems. Using a combination of genetic–geographical, geochemical, and morphogenetic research methods, the study analyzes the humus condition, nutrient composition, and energy potential of soil organic matter. Results show that despite their relatively small proportion in total soil nitrogen, amino acids play a critical role in plant nutrition and soil fertility by acting as bioactive compounds that regulate physiological processes such as chlorophyll synthesis, osmotic regulation, and stress tolerance. The research reveals that irrigation significantly affects the qualitative and quantitative composition of soil amino acids, leading to decreased humus content and transformation of nitrogen-containing compounds. In both virgin and irrigated sierozems, 14–20 amino acids were identified, with variations across soil horizons. The findings emphasize the energetic and biochemical importance of amino acids in maintaining soil fertility and highlight the need for further research on soil dehumification and fertility restoration.

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