Technology of growing and researching synthetic piezoelectric quartz

The development of advanced crystalline materials with precisely controlled properties remains a key challenge in modern materials science. This study investigates defect engineering in quartz crystals through neutron irradiation and subsequent hydrothermal growth, offering insights into radiation-assisted material synthesis. By examining crystal growth on irradiated seeds, we establish critical relationships between seed microstructure and the structural, optical, and luminescent properties of the resulting crystalline layers. The research demonstrates that neutron irradiation (fluence range: 10¹⁶–8×10²⁰ n/cm²) induces β-phase defect centers in quartz seeds, which persist in hydrothermally grown crystals. Quantitative analysis reveals a direct correlation between neutron fluence, defect concentration, and β-phase content. Crucially, this work provides experimental evidence clarifying the atomic-scale mechanism of the radiation-induced α-β phase transition in quartz. Complementary characterization techniques, including electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and temperature-dependent luminescence analysis (77–300 K), reveal the nature of structural defects and color centers. Comparative studies between conventional synthetic quartz (Type I) and crystals grown on irradiated seeds (Type II) show distinct differences in defect structures and luminescent behavior. The luminescence spectra provide evidence for defect-mediated color center formation, with specific emission bands linked to particular radiation-induced lattice imperfections. These findings significantly advance our understanding of defect engineering in quartz crystals, while the developed methodology offers a viable approach for creating functional crystalline materials with tailored radiation-optical properties. The results have important implications for applications in optoelectronics, radiation dosimetry, and other advanced material technologies.

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