New Uzbekistan’s Foreign Policy: From Strategic Partnerships to Regional Leadership after Independence

This research paper explores after independence Uzbekistan what kind of innovations did under 2 president’s control, focusing on the foreign countries how and what kind of contracts did in 30 years. Under Islam Karimov’s control overall policy and strategic relations developed radically. Under Mirziyoyev’s control foreign policy and international relations strengthened and controlled much more open with education and programs. The achievement of independence by each country opens a new page in its history. For Uzbekistan 1991 year of openness to the world, this day changed everybody's life in a different way and opened new opportunities for the country. In the early years of independence, caution was the priority in the country's foreign policy, and ensuring internal stability was the main goal. Under the leadership of Islam Karimov, Uzbekistan began to find its place in the international community, established diplomatic relations with countries around the world, and joined international organizations. During Karimov's time, Uzbekistan became a member of the UN and other international organizations, established diplomatic relations with foreign countries, and opened the way for foreign trips and international economic cooperation. Later, a cautious foreign policy was pursued, prioritizing internal stability. Since 2016, under the leadership of Shavkat Mirziyoyev, the foreign policy vector has fundamentally changed, borders have been opened, and historic steps have been taken to restore an atmosphere of trust with neighboring countries. Regional integration, diplomatic activity, and multi-vector cooperation have increased Uzbekistan's prestige in the international arena and created new opportunities for economic and political development. During the years of independence, Uzbekistan independently formed its foreign policy, setting national interests as a priority. During this period, the country expanded international relations on the basis of strategic cooperation and paid attention to economic and cultural integration. In the field of tourism, a country that had been closed for many years, the simplification of the visa procedure, the increase in the number of international flights and the creation of the "Silk Road" tourism corridors not only increased the flow of tourists, but also strengthened regional cooperation. This developed as an important part of foreign policy and served to form a positive image of Uzbekistan in the international arena. The concept of "soft power" was put into practice through the cultural heritage monuments of historical cities such as Samarkand, Bukhara, Khiva. Thus, during the years of independence, Uzbekistan took a step from strategic cooperation to regional leadership in foreign policy.

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