Next-Generation Hollow-Core Fiber Design for Ultra-Low Latency Optical Links

The exponential growth in global data traffic, driven by emerging applications such as 6G wireless networks, autonomous vehicles, and immersive extended reality (XR), demands ultra-low latency and high-capacity optical interconnects. Traditional solidcore silica fibers are fundamentally limited by the refractive index of silica, which constrains both speed and latency. Hollow-core fibers (HCFs), which guide light primarily through air, offer the potential to reduce latency by up to 30% while simultaneously lowering nonlinear impairments and dispersion. In this paper, we present a next-generation hollow-core fiber design optimized for ultra-low latency optical links. The given architecture applies the concept of the anti-resonant guiding based on new cladding geometry to enhance confinement, reduction of the bending losses, and manufacturability. Attenuation, group velocity dispersion, (GVD) and effective mode area, and latency performance in simulation work are compared to those of traditional single-mode fibre (SMF). Results indicate that the proposed HCF design achieves a latency reduction of up to 25% at 1550nm, whose attenuation is less than that of the SI of 0.2 dB/km, so that it can be used in very latency-sensitive networks like financial trading networks, data centres and long-haul interconnections.

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