Biodegradable Synthetic Polymers as Aqueous Corrosion Inhibitors: Past and Present Advancements and Future Prospects

The extensive use of traditional corrosion inhibitors, often toxic and non-biodegradable, has led to significant environmental and health concerns. As a sustainable alternative, biodegradable synthetic polymers (BDSPs) have emerged as effective corrosion inhibitors, particularly in aqueous environments. This review comprehensively explores the advancements in the development and application of BDSPs, including poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(malic acid) (PMA), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and poly(caprolactone) (PCL). These polymers exhibit excellent biodegradability, biocompatibility, and minimal environmental impact while providing significant protection against corrosion. Key studies demonstrate the effectiveness of BDSPs through various mechanisms, such as forming protective films, adsorbing onto metal surfaces, and acting as mixed-type inhibitors. The review also highlights innovative approaches, such as incorporating nanoparticles and developing smart coatings, to enhance the performance and sustainability of these materials. Future research directions and the potential for new materials and technologies in corrosion protection are discussed, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and sustainable practices.

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