Issues of the Paleogeography and Ecology of the Zarafshan Valley

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the paleogeographic landscape and ecological evolution of the Zarafshan Valley during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene stages. Based on archaeological evidence, the study highlights how changes in the region's natural-scientific conditions, the melting of glaciers, and the formation of river basins influenced the distribution of primitive communities. An examination of the topographical positioning of Mousterian and Early Paleolithic sites discovered along the Zarafshan River and its tributaries demonstrates that water bodies were not only vital sources of life but also served as the hubs of the socio-economic system. Furthermore, the article scientifically substantiates the correlations between the ecological landscape adaptation strategies of Stone Age humans and the dynamics of change in the region's ancient fauna and flora.

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