SYNTHESIS OF MATERIALS REQUIRED FOR PREPARATION OF AN OPTICAL SENSOR FOR DETECTING AMMONIA GAS

This article analyzes the synthesis of sensitive materials for optical sensors designed to detect ammonia (NH₃) gas, the formation of their physicochemical properties and the possibilities of their application in the sensor system. Ammonia is a widely used gas in industry, agriculture, medicine, environmental monitoring and food storage processes, and its rapid and selective detection is of great importance. The study considered metal oxides, polymer composites, pH-sensitive dyes, nanocomposites and hybrid films as suitable materials for optical sensors. Their synthesis methods, including sol-gel, chemical precipitation, hydrothermal method, solution casting and immobilization in a polymer matrix, were described. Based on the results obtained, scientific and practical foundations for creating sensitive layers based on color change or optical absorption/intensity change for ammonia detection were developed.

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