Development and evaluation of the effectiveness of caries prevention in patients who have had coronavirus infection

AIM of the study is to improve the effectiveness of dental caries prevention by creating new organizational and methodological principles for patients who have had a coronavirus infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A single-center, retrospective, non-randomized study was conducted to identify the impact of inflammatory periodontal diseases on the effectiveness of the applied complex of products on the level of oral hygiene and caries reduction in patients who had previously had a coronavirus infection. The study involved 150 patients aged 28 to 56 years, who were divided into 3 groups (50 people in each): the control group (group 1) included patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases who did not have COVID-19, with traditional treatment for inflammatory periodontal diseases under regular monitoring by a periodontist. The comparison group (group 2) included patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases who had recovered from COVID-19 with traditional treatment for inflammatory periodontal diseases under regular supervision of a periodontist. The main group (group 3) included patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases who had recovered from COVID-19 with traditional treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases with regular monitoring by a periodontist and the appointment of additional local (“Fagodent” bacteriophage gel, ROCS PRO Moisturizing toothpaste) and general treatments (“Immunofan”, “Dentobalance”). Research methods: OHI-S, PMA index, SBI index, tooth sensitivity index, deodorizing action index of S.B. Ulitovsky, functional indicators of saliva. RESULTS. The increase in caries was minimal in the study group. Over 18 months, 1.4 new cases of caries were recorded, compared to the initial indicator of 0 cases. In the control group, an increase of 0 to 3.1 new cases of dental caries was recorded, while in the comparison group, it increased to 4.3 new cases. The effectiveness of the preventive programs was assessed by the reduction in the number of new cases of dental caries in the study groups. The best result was achieved in the study group, where additional interventions to restore normal oral flora and moisturizing components of the hygiene product reduced the incidence of new cases by 67%. In the comparison group, which used standard prophylaxis, the reduction was 28%, with a 39% difference between the groups. CONCLUSIONS. An individualized prevention program for patients who recovered from COVID-19 reduced the incidence of primary dental caries by 2.21 times compared to a general prevention program not based on restoring normal oral flora.

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