THE SEDENTARIZATION PROCESS OF NOMADIC KIPCHAKS IN THE FERGANA VALLEY (SECOND HALF OF THE 19th CENTURY)

Abstract. This article provides a comprehensive study of the sedentarization of nomadic Qipchaq communities in the Fergana Valley during the second half of the nineteenth century — the initial decades following the incorporation of the Fergana Oblast into the Russian Empire (1876). The research draws on unpublished documents from state archives in Russia and Uzbekistan, Russian administrative statistics, and ethnographic sources. Three principal drivers of sedentarization are identified: the confiscation of pasturelands, taxation policy, and the expansion of irrigated agriculture. The article also analyses how the sedentarization process affected the ethnic identity of nomadic communities. Keywords: Qipchaqs, Fergana Valley, sedentarization, nomadism, Russian colonialism, ethnic identity, pasturelands, nineteenth century.

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