An Integrated ANP, AHP, and TOPSIS Model for Disaster Management Strategy Selection in the Chittagong Hill Tracts: A Case Study

Bangladesh’s Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT), studied in the context of Rangamati, is highly vulnerable to natural disasters and requires solid and efficient management plans. Ideal choice of disaster management plan takes into account many conflicting factors including economic expense, implementation feasibility, social impact, and environmental sustainability with utmost care. This study designs a comprehensive Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) plan to identify the most appropriate disaster management plan for the Rangamati area. Four contender strategies—premature Warning procedure, Infrastructure Resilience, Community-Based Programs, and Ecological Mitigation—were evaluated against principal criteria such as Cost, Effectiveness, execution time, Social Acceptability, and Environmental Co-benefits. The approach is a synthesis of the Analytic Network Process (ANP) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to assign weights to criteria that represent both interrelated factor dependencies and expert judgment. The Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) technique was then applied to rank the alternative approaches. The results from the integrated ANP-AHP-TOPSIS model showed that the optimal approach is Community-Based Programs, as well as being deemed to possess high social acceptability, simplicity in rapid implementation feasibility, and high effectiveness for increased local resilience. This article contributes a clear and robust hybrid MCDM model for the choice of disaster management strategy, with a rational, evidence-based recommendation to assist policymakers and disaster management authorities in complex, hilly regions.

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