PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN LUNG TISSUE IN COVID-19 PATIENTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is associated with significant pathological alterations in pulmonary tissue and remains an important global health challenge. This literature review summarizes the major pathomorphological changes reported in lung tissue of patients with COVID-19. The most common findings include diffuse alveolar damage, inflammatory infiltration, pulmonary edema, thrombosis, hemorrhage, endothelial injury, and fibrosis. Histopathological examination demonstrates destruction of alveolar structures and vascular abnormalities associated with respiratory failure and systemic complications. The review highlights the role of pathological anatomy and modern histological methods in understanding disease mechanisms, improving diagnostic accuracy, and supporting therapeutic decision-making. The findings summarized in this review may contribute to a better understanding of pulmonary complications associated with COVID-19 and support future pathological investigations.

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