MODERN METHODS OF TRANSPORTING PERISHABLE GOODS BY RAIL TRANSPORT

The transportation of perishable goods by rail is a critical component of global food supply chains, yet it presents unique technical, logistical, and economic challenges that demand continuous innovation. This article examines modern methods and technologies employed in the rail transportation of perishable goods, with particular attention to refrigerated wagons, controlled atmosphere systems, IoT-based temperature monitoring, and digital logistics management platforms. Drawing on a review of recent engineering literature and industry reports, the study analyzes the performance, limitations, and emerging trends of current approaches, including the integration of cold chain management technologies and blockchain-based traceability systems. The findings indicate that while significant technological advances have been achieved, persistent challenges remain in ensuring end-to-end cold chain continuity, reducing transit times, and adapting rail infrastructure to the demands of modern perishable logistics. The article concludes with recommendations for improving rail-based perishable goods transportation through technology integration and infrastructure modernization.

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