The Idea of An Ideal Society in Al-Farabi’s Concept of the “Virtuous City”

This article examines the idea of an ideal society in Abu Nasr Al-Farabi’s concept of the “Virtuous City.” Al-Farabi’s political and philosophical thought occupies an important place in the history of Eastern and world philosophy because it connects metaphysics, ethics, politics, education, and human perfection into a unified system. In his doctrine, society is not understood merely as a mechanical association of individuals, but as an organized moral and intellectual community directed toward the highest human good, namely happiness. The purpose of this article is to analyze the theoretical foundations of Al-Farabi’s ideal society, to explain the relationship between the virtuous ruler, virtuous citizens, knowledge, justice, and moral education, and to determine the contemporary significance of this concept for social and philosophical thought. The study is based on historical-philosophical analysis, comparative interpretation, and conceptual examination of Al-Farabi’s political ideas. The results show that the “Virtuous City” is built on the harmony of reason and morality, the priority of knowledge, the ethical responsibility of leadership, and the purposeful cooperation of citizens. Al-Farabi’s model of an ideal society remains relevant because it emphasizes that political order cannot be stable without moral values, intellectual development, justice, and social responsibility.

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