MODELING OF HUMAN CAPITAL DURING MIGRATION OF HIGHLY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL

The article discusses methodological approaches to modeling human capital in the context of migration of highly qualified personnel at the regional level. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that migration processes have a significant impact on the formation and development of human capital in regions, while the effect of this influence depends on the qualitative composition of migrants, their educational level and professional qualifications. Of particular importance to the problem is the fact that the outflow of qualified specialists from one region to another can increase inter-regional inequality, creating an “underdevelopment trap” for donor regions and at the same time contributing to overheating of labor markets in recipient regions. The aim of the work is to develop a system of models for assessing and predicting changes in the human capital of a region under the influence of migration flows of highly qualified personnel. The methodological base of the study includes a modified gravity model of migration flows, econometric panel data models for assessing the impact of migration on the economic performance of regions, as well as system dynamics methods for the integrated assessment of long-term effects. Based on the analysis of existing theoretical approaches and empirical research, the key factors determining the migration behavior of highly qualified specialists are identified: the difference in wages and living standards, the availability of professional opportunities, the quality of the institutional environment, housing affordability, as well as social networks and family ties.

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