Technological factors of lipid extraction from flowers and seeds of Ocimum basilicum L. and Ocimum tenuiflorum L.

This study investigated the technological factors affecting the extraction of lipids and lipophilic compounds from the flowers and seeds of Ocimum basilicum L. and Ocimum tenuiflorum L. Solid-liquid extraction with ethanol was performed using different ethanol concentrations, plant material particle sizes, extraction temperatures, and extraction duration.Extractions were carried out at room temperature and under thermostatically controlled conditions in a round-bottom flask equipped with a reflux condenser and a water bath.The maximum yield of total extractive substances was obtained with 70% ethanol, whereas the highest yield of lipids and lipophilic compounds among the tested ethanol concentrations was obtained with 96% ethanol, reaching 8.3% for O. basilicum and 8.1% for O. tenuiflorum.Reducing the particle size to 0.5 mm increased the yields to 9.1% and 8.9%, respectively.Increasing the extraction temperature to 60 °C further increased the yield to 11.2% for O. basilicum and 11.4% for O. tenuiflorum.Based on the obtained results, 96% ethanol, a particle size of 0.5 mm, and an extraction temperature of 60 °C were selected as the most suitable conditions among those investigated.A twostage extraction scheme with durations of 3 to 2 h was established.

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