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The role of Exosomal miRNAs in cancer

Chuanyun LiFengtai District, YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, NO. 8, Xitoutiao, Youanmen wai, Beijing, ChinaTong ZhouXiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaJing ChenBeijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, ChinaRong LiChengde Medical University, Chengde, ChinaHuan ChenFengtai District, YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, NO. 8, Xitoutiao, Youanmen wai, Beijing, ChinaShumin LuoBeijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, ChinaDexi ChenBeijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, ChinaCao CaiFengtai District, YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, NO. 8, Xitoutiao, Youanmen wai, Beijing, China. [email protected]Weihua LiBeijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China. [email protected]

2022en

ABI

Аннотация

Exosomal miRNAs have attracted much attention due to their critical role in regulating genes and the altered expression of miRNAs in virtually all cancers affecting humans (Sun et al. in Mol Cancer 17(1):14, 2018). Exosomal miRNAs modulate processes that interfere with cancer immunity and microenvironment, and are significantly involved in tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis and drug resistance. Fully investigating the detailed mechanism of miRNAs in the occurrence and development of various cancers could help not only in the treatment of cancers but also in the prevention of malignant diseases. The current review highlighted recently published advances regarding cancer-derived exosomes, e.g., sorting and delivery mechanisms for RNAs. Exosomal miRNAs that modulate cancer cell-to-cell communication, impacting tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis and multiple biological features, were discussed. Finally, the potential role of exosomal miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic molecular markers was summarized, as well as their usefulness in detecting cancer resistance to therapeutic agents.

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DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03215-4

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