MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY (LAPAROSCOPY). CLINICAL-TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANTAGES AND INNOVATIVE METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING PRACTICAL SKILLS TO STUDENTS IN THE MODERN MEDICAL EDUCATION CLUSTER

This comprehensive scientific research is dedicated to the systematic improvement of teaching methodologies for undergraduate students, masters, and clinical residents in the most high-tech and rapidly developing field of modern surgery — minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopy). The article provides a systematic analysis of the clinical-physiological, immunobiological, psychomotor, and economic advantages of laparoscopic technologies compared to traditional open (laparotomic) surgical procedures based on long-term statistical data. It highlights the role of simulation education in training future surgeons within the medical education system of Uzbekistan, covering the technological chain from "Pelvi-trainer" devices to the most complex virtual reality (VR) and haptic feedback (tactile sensation) simulators. The study analyzes the "learning curve" of students and scientifically substantiates the specifics of developing visual-motor coordination in forming practical skills, the loss of binocular vision, and its compensation mechanisms. The results prove that systematic training in simulation centers reduces technical errors in real surgery by up to 80% and optimizes operative time.

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