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Cold acclimation recruits human brown fat and increases nonshivering thermogenesis

Anouk A.J.J. van der LansMaastricht UniversityJoris HoeksMaastricht UnivBoudewijn BransDepartment of Nuclear Medicine , andGuy H. E. J. VijgenDepartment of Surgery , Maastricht University Medical Centre+ (MUMC+) , Maastricht , NetherlandsMariëlle G.W. VisserDepartment of Nuclear Medicine , andMaarten J. VosselmanDepartment of Human Biology , NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism ,Jan HansenDepartment of Human Biology , NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism ,Johanna A. JörgensenMaastricht UnivJun WuDana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts , USAFelix M. MottaghyDepartment of Nuclear Medicine , University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Aachen , GermanyPatrick SchrauwenDepartment of Human Biology , NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism ,Wouter D. van Marken LichtenbeltMaastricht Univ

2013en

Ochiq kirishBronza

ABI

Annotatsiya

In recent years, it has been shown that humans have active brown adipose tissue (BAT) depots, raising the question of whether activation and recruitment of BAT can be a target to counterbalance the current obesity pandemic.Here, we show that a 10-day cold acclimation protocol in humans increases BAT activity in parallel with an increase in nonshivering thermogenesis (NST).No sex differences in BAT presence and activity were found either before or after cold acclimation.Respiration measurements in permeabilized fibers and isolated mitochondria revealed no significant contribution of skeletal muscle mitochondrial uncoupling to the increased NST.Based on cell-specific markers and on uncoupling protein-1 (characteristic of both BAT and beige/brite cells), this study did not show "browning" of abdominal subcutaneous white adipose tissue upon cold acclimation.The observed physiological acclimation is in line with the subjective changes in temperature sensation; upon cold acclimation, the subjects judged the environment warmer, felt more comfortable in the cold, and reported less shivering.The combined results suggest that a variable indoor environment with frequent cold exposures might be an acceptable and economic manner to increase energy expenditure and may contribute to counteracting the current obesity epidemic. Results Increased NST upon cold acclimation.Before cold acclimation, resting metabolic rate (RMR) was 6.8 ± 1.0 megajoule (MJ) /24 h with females having a significantly lower RMR (6.2 ± 0.7 MJ/24 h) compared with males (7.6 ± 0.7 MJ/24 h) (P < 0.05).In order to determine NST, subjects were exposed to mild cold; for this purpose they were wrapped in a water-perfused suit (ThermaWrap Universal 3166 MTRE; Advanced Technologies Ltd.) connected to 2 water heating/cooling systems (Blanketroll III; SubZero).This setup is suitable for use inside the PET/CT scanner.The cooling protocol ensured that subjects were measured during stable nonshivering conditions.This mild cold condition caused a significant increase in energy expenditure, both in females and males (to 6.9 ± 1.0 and 8.5 ± 0.6 MJ/24 h respectively; P < 0.05; Conflict of interest:The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists.

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DOI: 10.1172/jci68993

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