PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF COAL-BASED ADSORBENTS

Objective. Distinctive features of these porous materials are high specific adsorption and catalytic activity with sufficient stability in non-oxidizing environments, the ability to vary the specific surface in the range of 1-1000 m2/g and the pore size from angstroms to hundreds of microns. Methods. The available numerous scientific and practical data indicate the high efficiency of wastewater treatment, including domestic wastewater, combining the processes of sorption and biochemical oxidation due to the simultaneous use of activated carbon and active gil. Results. Acidic surface functional groups are formed when carbon is heated in an oxygen atmosphere in the temperature range 200–700 ° C or in oxidation reactions in a liquid medium. Basic and neutral surface groups are more stable and are formed at room temperature after cleaning the carbon surface from functional groups by heat treatment. Conclusion. A review of scientific literatures shows the promise of highly porous carbon materials. Activated carbons are considered promising materials for the 21st century, almost all industrial sectors cannot do without materials with adsorption activity, which is possessed by the activated form of carbons based on natural and synthetic origin.

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