VACCINE PROPHYLAXIS AS THE KEY TO SUCCESS AGAINST POLIOMIELYTIS

Poliomyelitis (lat.acute anterior poliomyelitis, Henne-Medin's disease) is an acute infectious disease caused by Poliovirus (types 1, 2 and 3).The disease most often occurs in childhood, either individually or in epidemics.The routes of transmission of the infection are the oral-fecal route.The infection can occur without any symptoms or as a general infection, such as meningitis or paralysis.The clinical picture of the disease shows the appearance of several stages: the pre-lytic stage, the paralysis stage and the recovery stage.The fastest way to confirm the diagnosis is to prove viral RNA by PCR in stool, blood or cerebrospinal fluid.There are also serological neutralization tests.During the acute phase, symptomatic and supportive therapy is carried out, and after the acute phase, active physical therapy and rehabilitation are carried out in more severe forms of the disease.Today, this disease is very rare, thanks to systemic active immunization.Primary immunization against poliomyelits (polio) is in the first year of life with three doses of pentavalent Pentaxim vaccine, six weeks apart, and revaccinations are carried out according to the mandatory vaccination calendar in the second, seventh and fourteenth years of life.The vaccine given in multiple doses provides protection throughout life.The aim of this paper is to compare the results of successfully implemented vaccine prophylaxis at the level of primary health care for the territory of the Pomoravlje District in Serbia in the period from 2008-2012.Results and discussion.Based on the Report on Immunization against Poliomyelitis in the Pomoravlje District in the period 01.01.2011 -31.12.2011, it was noted that by far the largest number of persons vaccinated with the OPV vaccine was in the municipalities of Despotovac, Paracin, Rekovac and Svilajnac, where the percentage of those vaccinated was 100%.Based on the data, it can be seen that the smallest response of children was in the territory of the municipality of Cuprija (81.36%).Statistical data processing in the SPSS Statistics 20 showed that the third revaccination carried out at the age of 14 has a statistical significance of p<0.05, χ2=14.02 at the level of the city of Despotovac for the calendar year 2012.compared to the five-year period from 2008-2012.Conclusion.Based on the statistically processed results, a high level of coverage and high success rate of the implemented vaccination for the fiveyear period from 2008-2012 was observed for the territory of the Pomoravlje District.The key to success in the fight against infectious diseases is reflected in the implementation of mandatory immunizations according to the vaccination calendar prescribed by each country and is considered one of the best ways to reduce morbidity, eliminate, even eradicate infectious diseases.

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