The 2022 symposium on dementia and brain aging in low‐ and middle‐income countries: Highlights on research, diagnosis, care, and impact
Raj N. KalariaTranslational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UKGladys E. MaestreDepartments of Neuroscience and Human Genetics University of Texas Rio Grande Valley One W. University Blvd Brownsville Texas USASimin MahinradDivision of Medical and Scientific Relations Alzheimer's Association Chicago Illinois USADaisy M AcostaUniversidad Nacional Pedro Henriquez Urena (UNPHU) Santo Domingo Dominican RepublicRufus AkinyemiNeuroscience and Ageing Research Unit Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Oyo NigeriaSuvarna AlladiDepartment of Neurology National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences Bengaluru Karnataka IndiaRicardo AllegriFleni Neurological Institute Buenos Aires ArgentinaFaheem ArshadDepartment of Neurology National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences Bengaluru Karnataka IndiaDavid Oluwasayo BabalolaCollege of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Oyo NigeriaOlusegun BaiyewuDepartment of Psychiatry University of Ibadan Ibadan Oyo NigeriaThomas H. BakUniversity of Edinburgh Edinburgh UKTarek BellajTunis University Tunis TunisiaDavid K. Brodie‐MendsKorle‐Bu Teaching Hospital Accra GhanaMarı́a C. CarrilloDivision of Medical and Scientific Relations Alzheimer's Association Chicago Illinois USAKaputu‐Kalala‐Malu CelestinDepartment of Neurology Centre Neuropsychopathologique (CNPP) Kinshasa University Teaching Hospital University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Republic Democratic of the CongoAlbertino DamascenoFaculty of Medicine Eduardo Mondlane University Maputo MozambiqueRanil Karunamuni de SilvaInstitute for Combinatorial Advanced Research and Education (KDU-CARE), General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Ratmalana, Sri LankaRohan de SilvaInterdisciplinary Centre for Innovation in Biotechnology and Neuroscience Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Sri Jayewardenepura Nugegoda Sri LankaMamuka DjibutiPartnership for Research and Action for Health (PRAH) Tbilisi GeorgiaAnna J. DreyerUniversity of Cambridge The Old Schools Cambridge UKRatnavalli EllajosyulaManipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE) Manipal Karnataka IndiaTemitope FarombiTony Anenih Geriatric Center University College Hospital Ibadan Oyo NigeriaRobert P. FriedlandUniversity of Louisville Louisville Kentucky USANoe GarzaDepartment of Neuroscience and Human Genetics University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Harlingen Texas USAAntoine GbessemehlanInserm U1094, IRD U270 University of Limoges CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT ‐ Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases in Tropical Zone Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology OmegaHealth Limoges FranceEliza GeorgiouDepartment of Psychiatry Patras University General Hospital Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences University of Patras Patras GreeceIshtar GoviaInstitute for Global Health University College London London UKLea T. GrinbergDepartment of Pathology University of Sao Paulo R. da Reitoria, R. Cidade Universitária São Paulo Sao Paulo BrazilMaëlenn GuerchetInserm U1094, IRD U270, University of Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases in Tropical Zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges, FranceSeid Ali GugssaDepartment of Neurology School of Medicine Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa EthiopiaJoy Louise Gumikiriza‐OnoriaDepartment of Psychiatry School of Medicine Makerere University College of Health Sciences Kampala UgandaEef HogervorstLoughborough University Loughborough UKMichael HornbergerNorwich Medical School University of East Anglia Norwich UKAgustín IbáñezGlobal Brain Health Institute (GBHI) Trinity College Dublin Lloyd Building Trinity College Dublin Dublin IrelandMasafumi IharaDepartment of Neurology National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Suita Osaka JapanThomas Gregor IssacCentre for Brain Research Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bengaluru Karnataka IndiaLinus JönssonDepartment of Neurobiology Care Science and Society, section for Neurogeriatrics Karolinska Institute, Solnavägen Solna SwedenWambui KaranjaBrain and Mind Institute Aga Khan University Nairobi KenyaJoseph H. LeeSergievsky Center Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain Departments of Neurology and Epidemiology Columbia University New York New York USAIracema LeroiGlobal Brain Health Institute (GBHI) Trinity College Dublin Lloyd Building Trinity College Dublin Dublin IrelandGill LivingstonUniversity College London London UKFacundo ManesInstitute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCYT) INECO Foundation Favaloro University Buenos Aires ArgentinaLingani Mbakile‐MahlanzaUniversity of Botswana Gaborone BotswanaBruce L. MillerDepartment of Neurology Memory and Aging Center University of California San Francisco Weill Institute for Neurosciences San Francisco California USAChristine MusyimiAfrica Mental Health Research and Training Foundation Nairobi KenyaVictoria MutisoDepartment of Psychiatry University of Nairobi Nairobi KenyaNoeline NakasujjaMakerere University College of Health Sciences Kampala UgandaDavid M. NdeteiWorld Psychiatric Association Collaborating Centre for Research and Training Nairobi KenyaSam NightingaleNeuroscience Institute University of Cape Town Cape Town South AfricaGabriela NovotniUniversity Clinic of Neurology Medical Faculty University Ss Cyril and Methodius Institute for Alzheimer's Disease and Neuroscience Skopje North MacedoniaPrimrose NyamayaroGlobal Brain Health Institute (GBHI) Trinity College Dublin Lloyd Building Trinity College Dublin Dublin IrelandSolomon NyameKintampo Health Research Centre Ghana Health Service Hospital Road Near Kintampo‐north Municipal Hospital Kintampo GhanaJulius A Ogeng’oUniversity of Nairobi Nairobi KenyaAdesola OgunniyiCollege of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Oyo NigeriaMaira Okada de OliveiraGlobal Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Lloyd Building Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, IrelandNjideka OkubadejoNeurology Unit Department of Medicine Faculty of Clinical Sciences College of Medicine University of Lagos Yaba Lagos NigeriaMartin OrrellInstitute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UKStella‐Maria PaddickNewcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UKMargaret A. Pericak‐VanceJohn P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Coral Gables Florida USAZvezdan PirtošekFaculty of Medicine University Medical Centre Ljubljana Ljubljana SloveniaFelix PotocnikOld Age Psychiatry Unit, Depth Psychiatry Stellenbosch University Western Cape, Stellenbosch Central Stellenbosch South AfricaRema RamanAlzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USAMie RizigDepartment of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UKMónica RosselliDepartment of Psychology Charles E. Schmidt College of Science Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton Florida USAM. SalokhiddinovTashkent Medical Academy Tashkent UzbekistanClaudia L. SatizábalGlenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USADiego Sepúlveda‐FallaMolecular Neuropathology of Alzheimer's Disease Institute of Neuropathology University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg GermanySudha SeshadriUniversity of Texas Health Sciences Center San Antonio Texas USAClaire E. SextonDivision of Medical and Scientific Relations Alzheimer's Association Chicago Illinois USAIngmar SkoogInstitute of Neuroscience and Fysiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg SwedenPeter St George‐HyslopCambridge Institute for Medical Research and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrookes Biomedical Campus, Trumpington, Cambridge, UKCláudia Kimie SuemotoDivision of Geriatrics University of Sao Paulo Medical School R. da Reitoria, R. Cidade Universitária São Paulo Sao Paulo BrazilPrekshy ThapaGlobal Brain Health Institute (GBHI) Trinity College Dublin Lloyd Building Trinity College Dublin Dublin IrelandChinedu Udeh‐MomohDepartment of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society (NVS) Division of Clinical Geriatrics Karolinska Institute, Solnavägen Solna SwedenVictor ValcourMemory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California San Francisco California USAJeffery M. VanceJohn P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics Miller School of Medicine University of Miami Coral Gables Florida USAMathew VargheseSt. John's Medical College Sarjapur ‐ Marathahalli Rd, beside Bank Of Baroda, John Nagar, Koramangala Bengaluru Karnataka IndiaJaime H. VeraDepartment of Global Health and Infection Brighton and Sussex Medical School Brighton UKRichard WalkerPopulation Health Sciences Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UKHenrik ZetterbergDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease UCL Institute of Neurology Queen Square, Queen Square London UKYared Z. ZewdeDepartment of Neurology School of Medicine Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa EthiopiaOzama IsmailDivision of Medical and Scientific Relations Alzheimer's Association Chicago Illinois USA
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Two of every three persons living with dementia reside in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The projected increase in global dementia rates is expected to affect LMICs disproportionately. However, the majority of global dementia care costs occur in high-income countries (HICs), with dementia research predominantly focusing on HICs. This imbalance necessitates LMIC-focused research to ensure that characterization of dementia accurately reflects the involvement and specificities of diverse populations. Development of effective preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches for dementia in LMICs requires targeted, personalized, and harmonized efforts. Our article represents timely discussions at the 2022 Symposium on Dementia and Brain Aging in LMICs that identified the foremost opportunities to advance dementia research, differential diagnosis, use of neuropsychometric tools, awareness, and treatment options. We highlight key topics discussed at the meeting and provide future recommendations to foster a more equitable landscape for dementia prevention, diagnosis, care, policy, and management in LMICs. HIGHLIGHTS: Two-thirds of persons with dementia live in LMICs, yet research and costs are skewed toward HICs. LMICs expect dementia prevalence to more than double, accompanied by socioeconomic disparities. The 2022 Symposium on Dementia in LMICs addressed advances in research, diagnosis, prevention, and policy. The Nairobi Declaration urges global action to enhance dementia outcomes in LMICs.
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