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Studying baryon acoustic oscillations using photometric redshifts from the DESI Legacy Imaging survey DR9

Christoph SaulderMax Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Gießenbachstraße 1, 85748 Garching, GermanyYong‐Seon SongKASI, DaeJeonMinji OhChosun University, Chosundaegil 146, Dong-gu, 61452 Gwangju, Republic of KoreaYi ZhengCSST Science Center for the Guangdong-Hong kong-Macau Greater Bay Area, SYSU, Zhuhai, ChinaA.J. RossOhio State U., CCAPPRongpu ZhouLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAJeffrey A. NewmanDepartment of Physics and Astronomy and PITT PACC, University of Pittsburgh, 3941 O’Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USAChia-Hsun ChuangStanford U., HEPLJ. AguilarLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USARobert BlumNatl. Solar Observ., TucsonDavid H. BrooksDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UKT. ClaybaughLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAAxel de la MacorraInstituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. de México C.P. 04510, MexicoBiprateep DeyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy and PITT PACC, University of Pittsburgh, 3941 O’Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USAZ. DingDepartment of Astronomy, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, ChinaP. DoelDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UKJ. E. Forero-RomeroDepartamento de Física, Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1 No. 18A-10, Edificio Ip, CP 111711 Bogotá, ColombiaE. GaztañagaInstitute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Dennis Sciama Building, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UKSatya Gontcho A GontchoLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAG. GutiérrezFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510, USAS. JuneauNSF NOIRLab, 950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719, USAD. KirkbyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Irvine 92697, USATheodore KisnerLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAAnthony KreminLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAAndrew LambertLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAMartin LandriauLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAL. Le GuillouInstitut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des ParticulesM. E. LeviLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USAAaron MeisnerNSF NOIRLab, 950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719, USAEva-Maria MuellerSussex UA. Muñoz-GutiérrezInstituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. de México C.P. 04510, MexicoGustavo NizDepartamento de Física, Universidad de Guanajuato - DCI, C.P. 37150 Leon, Guanajuato, MexicoFrancisco PradaInstituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC), Glorieta de la Astronomía, s/n, E-18008 Granada, SpainMehdi RezaieDepartment of Physics, Kansas State University, 116 Cardwell Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USAGraziano RossiDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, KoreaE. SánchezCentro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y TecnológicasMichael SchubnellUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAJ. SilberLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USADavid SprayberryNSF NOIRLab, 950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719, USAG. TarléHiroshima Shudo UF. ValdésNSF NOIRLabBenjamin A. WeaverNSF NOIRLabH. ZouNational Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A20 Datun Rd., Chaoyang District, Beijing 100012, PR China

Astronomy and Astrophysicsjournal2025en

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ABI

Annotatsiya

Context. The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Legacy Imaging Survey DR9 (DR9 hereafter), with its extensive dataset of galaxy locations and photometric redshifts, presents an opportunity to study baryon acoustic oscillations (BAOs) in the region covered by the ongoing spectroscopic survey with DESI. Aims. We aim to investigate differences between different parts of the DR9 footprint. Furthermore, we want to measure the BAO scale for luminous red galaxies within them. Our selected redshift range of 0.6–0.8 corresponds to the bin in which a tension between DESI Y1 and eBOSS was found. Methods. We calculated the anisotropic two-point correlation function in a modified binning scheme to detect the BAOs in DR9 data. We then used template fits based on simulations to measure the BAO scale in the imaging data. Results. Our analysis reveals the expected correlation function shape in most of the footprint areas, showing a BAO scale consistent with Planck ’s observations. Aside from identified mask-related data issues in the southern region of the South Galactic Cap, we find a notable variance between the different footprints. Conclusions. We find that this variance is consistent with the difference between the DESI Y1 and eBOSS data, and it supports the argument that that tension is caused by sample variance. Additionally, we also uncovered systematic biases not previously accounted for in photometric BAO studies. We emphasize the necessity of adjusting for the systematic shift in the BAO scale associated with typical photometric redshift uncertainties to ensure accurate measurements.

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Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena Cosmology and Gravitation Theories Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies

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DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202452007

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