Resource Stock, Age Structure, and Seed Productivity of Ferula varia (Schrenk) Trautv. in Central Uzbekistan

Ferula varia (FV) is an important medicinal plant found throughout the Kyzylkum Desert and the Nuratau Mountain range. Ferula varia is a perennial herbaceous plant and a geophyte. Based on its seasonal development cycle, it primarily belongs to the group of ephemeroids—perennials characterized by a short growth and development period during favorable conditions, followed by a long dormant phase during unfavorable seasons. Our research was conducted in 2023-2024. The article provides information on the natural reserves, age structure, and seed productivity of Ferula varia species distributed in Central Uzbekistan. During the study, five local populations of the species were examined, and the status of its natural resources was assessed. Local populations have been observed to be typical of left-side (1, 2), centralized (3, 5), and bimodal (4) types. The characteristic spectrum for the plant is centralized, with flowering typically occurring at 5-8 years of age. In dry years, this duration is slightly extended. The flowering period lasts 8-12 years. The plant's large life cycle can last up to 25 years. A significant disparity in the potential seed productivity of the species was observed, ranging from 924 to 9,920 seeds. The actual seed productivity was found to range from 574 to 7,750 seeds. The productivity ratio of the species was observed to range from 60% to 90%. In natural conditions, the plant recovers in 2-3 years. From a total area of 23.0 ha with a reserve of Ferula varia in the Nurata district, the volume of raw materials that can be harvested in 2024 was estimated to be 0.436 tons. From a total area of 40.0 ha with a reserve of Ferula varia in the Konimex district, the volume of raw materials that can be harvested in 2024 was estimated to be 0.511 tons.

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