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Impact of Bilateral Trade and Institutional Quality on Income Convergence in Central Asia

Ihtisham ul HaqDepartment of Econometrics , Tashkent State University of Economics , Tashkent , UzbekistanHameed GulPreston university Kohat , KP , PakistanMuhammad Eid BalbaaDepartment of World Economy and International Economic Relations , Tashkent State University of Economics , Tashkent , UzbekistanShavkat OtamurodovDepartment of Economics , Termez University of Economics and Service , UzbekistanWahib ElayahInternational Business School , Xi'an Fanyi University , Xi'an , ChinaPiratdin AllayarovDepartment of Econometrics , Tashkent State University of Economics , Tashkent , UzbekistanZeinabsadat GolestanDepartment of Econometrics , Tashkent State University of Economics , Tashkent , Uzbekistan

2025

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Annotatsiya

This study determines the income convergence and the effect of bilateral trade and institutional quality on income convergence in Central Asia. This panel study covers the period from 2003 to 2023 and labor force and capital are treated as control variables. The income convergence is examined through beta and sigma convergence while panel techniques are applied to analyze the effect of bilateral trade and institutional quality on income convergence. The results of study confirms income convergence in Central Asia. Bilateral trade is found to have positive significant effect on income convergence while institutional quality negatively affect income convergence. Moreover, capital and labor force are positively and negatively affected income convergence, respectively. Policy implications are discussed on basis of this study findings.

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Identifikatorlar

DOI: 10.28924/2291-8639-23-2025-330

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