Evolution of the legal status of ra'is in the states of Medieval and Modern Ages (comparative analysis)

The research is devoted to the status of ra'is on in the different states during the longterm period with clarifying its specific features and similarities in the different states during different historical periods. Authors intend to find out the similar features of ra'is’ status in different historical circumstances. The basic materials are historical sources including yarliks (decrees) of rulers, historical chronicles, political and chancellery treatises as well as results of previous researches related to the different aspects of the status of ra'is. Also, it is the first Russian translation of the yarlik on the appointment of ra'is from the “Dastur al-katib fi ta'yin al-maratib” by Muhammad b. Hindushah Nakhchivani (1360s), which is studied by using an interdisciplinary approach and comparison with other types of sources. Authors use structure functional analysis historical legal method6 comparative historical and comparative legal approach, institutional analysis. Authors fins that an institution of ra'is was widespread in the Islamic states for a long time and could be used at the different levels of the state administrations: from the central government to the regional and local authorities (as it is reflected in the analyzed yarlik). Nevertheless, all these offices had similar features: these officials were in charge of contacts between their subordinates and the authorities, keeping the order in the institutions and areas under their control, collection and distribution of taxes within their powers. Thus, the institution of ra'is corresponded to the meaning of this term: chief, leader, head, etc.

Hali tarjima qilinmagan