Study of the physicochemical properties of bitumen extracted from natural rock deposits

This study investigates the physicochemical characteristics of bitumen from natural rock deposits and evaluates its potential for road construction following chemical modification. Bitumen was recovered from rock samples using a solvent extraction method, with a yield of 22.5–24.5% by weight. The raw bitumen was subsequently modified with formaldehyde at a temperature of 120°C and a pressure of 15 atm to improve its physicochemical performance. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the introduction of functional groups such as carbonyl (C=O) and hydroxyl (C–OH), indicating successful chemical modification. Isotopic composition analysis (δ13C) revealed notable heterogeneity between the upper Malta layer and the lower oil-bearing layer, suggesting diverse organic origins and varying degrees of biodegradation within the deposit. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine the surface morphology of the rock–bitumen interface. The SEM images revealed a cracked, porous structure that may influence the adhesion properties of the bitumen. These results suggest that the modified natural bitumen possesses a reactive chemical structure and complex morphology, making it a viable alternative binder in road construction. The improved structural stability demonstrated in the experiments further supports its suitability for industrial applications, particularly asphalt production and road paving. This research highlights the potential of chemically modified natural bitumen as a sustainable alternative to conventional binders, contributing to the effective utilization of hydrocarbon-rich rocks.

Hali tarjima qilinmagan