CHARACTERISTICS OF INFILTRATIVE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH CONCOMITANT PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE AND HIV INFECTION

Infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis (IPTB) is one of the most common clinical forms of tuberculosis and is most frequently observed among individuals of working age. Over recent decades, a steady increase in comorbid and multimorbid conditions associated with tuberculosis has been noted, significantly affecting the clinical course, diagnostic features, and treatment effectiveness of the disease. The combination of infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis with peptic ulcer disease and HIV infection is considered particularly unfavorable. HIV infection leads to progressive immunosuppression, resulting in a paucisymptomatic, atypical, and indolent course of tuberculosis. Consequently, the disease is often diagnosed at advanced stages, treatment duration is prolonged, and the risk of complications increases. At the same time, gastrointestinal disorders, including gastric and duodenal ulcer disease, are highly prevalent among HIV-infected patients. One of the leading etiological factors of peptic ulcer disease is Helicobacter pylori infection, which is also detected with high frequency in patients with tuberculosis. The most unfavorable clinical prognosis is observed in patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis combined with H. pylori-negative peptic ulcer disease.

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