Obesity Assessment in Uzbekistan: Comparing Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry and Anthropometric Methods

Obesity is a significant public health issue in Uzbekistan, increasing the risk of non-communicable diseases.Accurate assessment of body fat and metabolic risks is crucial for early intervention.A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024 at the Republican Specialized Scientific-Practical Medical Center of Endocrinology in Tashkent, involving 80 adults (43 women, 37 men) aged 18-55 years with overweight or obesity.Participants underwent anthropometric measurements (BMI, waist circumference), DEXA scanning for body fat distribution, and laboratory tests (HOMA-IR, triglycerides, blood pressure).DEXA-measured visceral fat strongly correlated with HOMA-IR (r = 0.72, p < 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.65, p < 0.00001).Gynoid fat inversely correlated with triglycerides (r = -0.41,p < 0.05).Waist circumference (≥94 cm men, ≥80 cm women) predicted visceral obesity with 89% sensitivity.Notably, 23.5% of normal-BMI participants had metabolic abnormalities, while 31.7% of obese participants were metabolically healthy.DEXA provides superior accuracy in assessing visceral obesity and metabolic risks compared to anthropometry.Combining both methods enhances diagnostic precision, particularly for identifying hidden obesity phenotypes.

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