Phylogenetic relationships of tetraploid cotton species ( <i>Gossypium</i> subsp.) and their genetic potential for breeding programs
Annotatsiya
<i>Gossypium mustelinum</i>, a rare wild cotton from Brazil, offers potential as a genetic resource for improving cultivated cottons. This study assessed its relationship with other cotton species via interspecific hybridization and genetic analysis. A total of 22 <i>F</i><sub>1</sub> hybrids were generated, exhibiting varied levels of compatibility. The var. <i>marie-galante</i> × <i>G. mustelinum</i> cross showed the highest seed set (87.2%), indicating good cross-compatibility. The <i>F</i><sub>1</sub> and <i>F</i><sub>2</sub> hybrids revealed strong potential for enhancing fiber traits. For instance, the <i>cv</i>. ‘Beshkahramon’ × <i>G. mustelinum F</i><sub>1</sub> hybrid had high heterosis (<i>h</i><sub>p</sub> = 33.00) for fiber length. Its <i>F</i><sub>2</sub> population showed a mean fiber length of 36.2 mm (<i>h<sup>2</sup></i> = 0.62) and fiber yield of 41.2% (<i>h<sup>2</sup></i> = 0.61). SSR marker-based phylogenetic analysis confirmed a close relationship between <i>G. mustelinum</i> and two <i>G. hirsutum</i> subspecies: <i>paniculatum</i> (GD = 0.13) and var. <i>marie-galante</i> (GD = 0.17). The close relationship underscores the breeding potential of <i>G. mustelinum</i>.
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