BIOCHEMICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL ORAL FLUID PROFILES IN CHILDREN PRESENTING WITH RECURRENT HERPETIC STOMATITIS AND CONCOMITANT ALLERGIC PATHOLOGY

The coexistence of allergic diseases and recurrent herpetic stomatitis (RHS) in pediatric populations correlates with exacerbated clinical manifestations and profound immunobiological dysregulation. Oral fluid serves as a reservoir for diverse biomarkers possessing diagnostic and prognostic utility for inflammatory and infectious oral cavity disorders. Objective. This study aimed to characterize alterations in biochemical, immunological, and metabolic oral fluid parameters among children diagnosed with RHS, both as an isolated condition and in conjunction with allergic disorders, while evaluating their diagnostic potential. Materials and Methods. A prospective study was conducted involving 120 children aged 1–7 years, categorized into three cohorts: a control group of healthy individuals (n = 40), a comparison group with RHS (n = 40), and a primary group with RHS comorbid with allergic diseases (n = 40). Nine oral fluid parameters were quantified employing diagnostic test strips (Qingdao Hightop Biotech Co., Ltd.). Conducted in accordance with the principles of the WMA Declaration of Helsinki (2013 revision), this investigation was approved by the Bioethics Committees of the Bukhara State Medical Institute and Samarkand State Medical University, with written informed consent obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all participants. Statistical data are expressed as M ± SEM. Intergroup differences were analyzed via Student’s t-test, with p < 0.05 established as the threshold for statistical significance. Data processing was performed using SPSS Statistics version 26.0. This research was integrated into the Bukhara State Medical Institute research program entitled "Development of diagnostic criteria for assessing the immunobiological status of oral fluid in infectious and inflammatory oral diseases in children" (2022–2026). Results. Children with RHS exhibited significant elevations of formed elements of blood (×1.24), leukocytes (×2.14), protein (×3.10), and nitrites (×2.00; p < 0.001) in oral fluid. These alterations were substantially more pronounced in cases of RHS comorbid with allergy, where formed elements increased 4.76-fold, leukocytes 8.32-fold, and protein 3.25-fold, accompanied by concomitant rises in ketone bodies (×1.39) and glucose (×1.28). Ascorbic acid concentrations trended downward in both pathological cohorts (p > 0.05). Conclusions. Formed elements of blood, leukocytes, nitrites, protein, ketone bodies, and glucose represent valuable diagnostic biomarkers and potential predictors of RHS severity and prognosis, particularly in the presence of concomitant allergic pathology.

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