Influence of Soil Agro-Physical Properties and Irrigation Regimes on Yield and Productivity of Repeated Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Varieties and Hybrids under Arid Conditions of the Bukhara Region

This scientific study is devoted to determining the effect of soil agro-physical properties and irrigation regimes on the yield of sunflower varieties and hybrids cultivated as a repeated crop under irrigated farming conditions in Bukhara region. During the research, the main agro-physical indicators of the soil, such as bulk density, moisture capacity, and water-air regime, were studied under different irrigation variants. The results of field experiments and laboratory analyses confirmed that irrigation rates and timing have a significant effect on soil condition as well as plant growth and development. It was found that under an optimal irrigation regime, the agro-physical condition of the soil improved, the physiological processes of plants became more active, and the formation of yield components occurred at a high level. Insufficient and poorly justified irrigation regimes, however, were observed to reduce yield due to soil compaction and moisture deficiency. The obtained scientific results have important scientific and practical significance for optimizing the technology of sunflower cultivation as a repeated crop, ensuring the rational use of water resources, and achieving stable and high yields.

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