Endoscopic Correction of Vesicoureteral Reflux in Children: A Comparative Analysis of Efficacy and Safety of Minimally Invasive and Open Surgical Methods

<b>ABSTRACT</b><br /> <b>Introduction:</b> Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is one of the common pathologies of pediatric urology and occurs in about 1-2% of children in the population; with urinary tract infections, VUR is detected in 25-40%. The frequency of the defect does not tend to decrease. Given population growth, the number of patients increases every year.<br /> <b>Methods:</b> The work is based on assessing the results of diagnosis and treatment of patients with VUR aged from 8 months to 18 years. Interestingly, patients were selected using a blind sampling method, and patients with grades I and V of the disease were not included in the study. This is a very important study, given the wide age range of patients and the long period of study from 1989 to 2022 at the Specialized Pediatric Surgical Clinic of Samarkand Medical University.<br /> <b>Results:</b> The use of a complex of treatment and diagnostic algorithm developed in the clinic for VUR in children contributed to a significant increase in the proportion of positive treatment outcomes. In the main group, the proportion of good results was 78.2%, which exceeds the indicators in the control group (65.6%). In addition, there was a 2.9 times lower number of unsatisfactory results (a decrease from 18.8% to 6.4%, respectively). Significantly, with the use of the proposed minimally invasive method of correction of VUR, the length of hospitalization of patients was reduced - from 16.7±3.3 to 5.2±1.2 bed days, which was confirmed by statistical significance (p<0.001). This, in turn, made it possible to increase the economic efficiency coefficient by 3.2 times, which demonstrates the high efficiency of the proposed method.<br /> <b>Conclusion:</b> Thus, the results of this study confirm the high effectiveness and safety of minimally invasive endourological methods compared to open operations in the treatment of VUR in children.

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