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Market-adaptive techno-economic and business management optimization of a renewable poly-generation hub for power, water, and green hydrogen

AbdulHafiz JonesNational Center for Vegetation Cover Development and Combating Desertification, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaOzodbek NematovDepartment of General History, Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Jizzakh, UzbekistanMohammad Haroun SharairiCollege of Business, Al Ain University, Al Ain, UAETeddy ChandraDepartment of Management, Institute of Business and Technology Pelita Indonesia, Pekanbaru, IndonesiaKottala Sri YogiDepartment of Operations, Symbiosis Institute of Business Management Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana, IndiaA. RameshbabuDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaByomakesh DashDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, IndiaParveen Kumar AbrolUniversity School of Business, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, IndiaRahul KumarChitkara Business School, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, IndiaMohammad MarefatiDepartment of Energy Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. [email protected]

2026en

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Litsenziya: cc-by-nc-nd

ABI

Annotatsiya

This study develops an integrated techno-economic-environmental optimization framework for a renewable poly-generation hub designed to supply electricity, green hydrogen, oxygen, and desalinated water under dynamic market conditions. The system combines photovoltaic panels, a biogas generator, an electrolyzer, hydrogen storage, a fuel cell, reverse osmosis desalination, and grid exchange within a revenue-oriented energy management strategy that directs surplus electricity to the most profitable use. The methodology links component-level modeling, operational dispatch, NSGA-II based multi-objective optimization, and fuzzy decision-making to determine a compromise optimal design. Applied to Jubail, Saudi Arabia, the optimized configuration achieves zero loss of power supply probability, a renewable fraction of 74.84%, a system efficiency of 60.15%, and complete utilization of excess energy. Annual outputs reach 178,304.59 kg/year of hydrogen, 1,426.44 tons/year of oxygen, and 105,603.13 m3/year of freshwater. Economically, the system delivers a net present cost of $12.15 million, a levelized electricity cost of $0.0614/kWh, a hydrogen cost of $2.53/kg, and a water cost of $0.84/m 3 . Low life-cycle emissions and employment benefits further demonstrate its practical value for industrial decarbonization and integrated resource management under market-responsive operating conditions.

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Identifikatorlar

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-61147-9

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