Ecological Awareness and Water Conservation Behavior under Climate Change in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan

In the context of climate change and increasing pressure on global water resources, water conservation is becoming increasingly important. This study aims to examine the relationship between environmental awareness, human behavior, and water conservation practices. The study used a mixed-method approach that combines systematic review and quantitative research. In the first stage, a systematic review of 54 publications indexed in Scopus was conducted. VOSviewer and RStudio (Bibliometrix suite) helped to identify key research areas and thematic clusters in this area. In the second stage, a survey was conducted among 210 respondents from Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan using questionnaires to assess environmental awareness, water consumption, and attitudes towards water conservation. The results show that the majority of respondents demonstrate a relatively high level of awareness of environmental issues related to water scarcity and the impact of climate change on water resources. However, the study results also show a gap between awareness of environmental issues and actual behavior, especially the limited use of water-saving technologies. Economic factors were also found to influence water consumption: many respondents indicated that they would reduce their water consumption if prices increased significantly in the future. In addition, a large proportion of respondents expressed a strong sense of environmental responsibility and stressed the importance of reporting water leaks and waste in their communities and households. Overall, the study highlights the importance of raising environmental awareness and promoting responsible water use practices to ensure sustainable and efficient management of water resources, despite ongoing challenges related to climate change.

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