NEW PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF SALVIA SCLAREA HERB

Introduction. The genus Salvia L. is characterized by significant species diversity, with many of its representatives being used in medicine worldwide. The most well-known pharmacopoeial plant is common sage (Salvia officinalis L.). However, its close relative, clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.), despite its long-standing use in folk medicine, food, and perfume industries, is not an officinal plant. Clary sage contains a rich complex of biologically active compounds, such as essential oil, flavonoids, coumarins, phenolic and organic acids, saponins, and polysaccharides. Extracts of this plant demonstrate antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant activities. Therefore, phenolic compounds of clary sage are of interest for more detailed study as they reveal the plant's potential for use as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. Aim – isolation and identification of phenolic compounds from the aerial part of S. sclarea. Material and methods. The aerial part of clary sage was collected during the flowering phase in the Republic of Uzbekistan and dried in air under shade. The ground raw material (900 g) was extracted with 96% ethanol at room temperature. The combined extract was concentrated under vacuum and subjected to liquid-liquid extraction. The hexane fraction, which showed the richest component composition according to preliminary HPLC analysis, was separated by column chromatography on Sephadex LH-20, eluting with 96% ethanol. The process was monitored, and subfractions were analyzed using TLC on Silica gel 60 F254 and analytical HPLC on a Shimadzu Prominence LC-20 chromatographic system with a Supelcosil LC18 column. The target subfractions were purified by preparative HPLC on a Knauer Smartline system with a Kromasil C18 column. The structure of the isolated compounds was established by NMR spectroscopy on a Bruker Avance III spectrometer (400 MHz). Results.Ten polyphenolic compounds were isolated from the aerial part of clary sage: three phenolic acids and seven flavonoids. Four of them – rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, luteolin, apigenin – are already known for this species. Six derivatives: 3'-O-methylrosmarinic acid, 6-methoxy-7-O-methylluteolin, 6-methoxy-7-O-methylapigenin, 6-methoxy-4'-O-methylapigenin, 7-O-methylapigenin, and 6-methoxy-7,4'-O-dimethylapigenin – were identified for the first time in S. sclarea. Conclusion. The study results demonstrate the characteristic polyphenolic composition of the aerial part of S. sclarea. The identification of six new components for this species expands the knowledge of its chemical composition and opens prospects for further study of the biological activity of the isolated compounds

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