COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MODERN CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC EXAMINATION RESULTS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

This article presents a comparative analysis of modern clinical, laboratory, and instrumental diagnostic outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and arterial hypertension (AH), utilizing retrospective and prospective study designs. The study cohort comprised 86 T2DM patients, 121 AH patients, and 35 healthy individuals in the control group. Clinical symptom analysis demonstrated a predominance of dry mouth (86.0%) and polyuria (79.1%) in the T2DM group, whereas headache (77.7%) and dizziness (66.9%) were the primary complaints in the AH group. Laboratory findings in T2DM patients revealed marked hyperglycemia (glucose 9.8±0.5 mmol/L, HbA1c 8.6±0.3%) and atherogenic dyslipidemia. In the AH group, markers of systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein 5.6±0.4 mg/L, p<0,001) and creatinine levels (101.5±3.8 µmol/L) were significantly elevated. Instrumental evaluations identified advanced target-organ damage under both pathologies, characterized by an increased left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (124.6±3.8 g/m² and 128.7±3.9 g/m², respectively) and retinal angiopathy (68.6% and 71.5%).

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