Comparative analysis of the phenomenon of tradition in the philosophy of traditionalism

The article explores the phenomenon of tradition within the framework of the philosophy of traditionalism, highlighting its significance in both Western and Russian cultural contexts. Russian thinkers such as I. Ilyin, N. Berdyaev, and L. Karsavin contributed to the understanding of tradition in ways that align closely with the ideas of traditionalist philosophers. In Russian philosophy, tradition is viewed as a system of knowledge and practices rooted in historical experience and the collective unconscious, reflecting the complexity of social life and serving as a key element of intercultural dialogue. A central focus is placed on the doctrine of Rene Guenon, whose concept of primordial traditionalism serves as the foundation for the traditionalist school. The works of Ananda Coomaraswamy and Frithjof Schuon are examined as developments of Guenon’s ideas, each offering original interpretations. A critical methodological aspect of traditionalism lies in its critique of Western civilization, particularly its shift toward rationalism and materialism since the Renaissance, which is seen by traditionalists as the root of a spiritual crisis. The article also discusses the views of Sayyid Hossein Nasr, who emphasizes the universal metaphysical principles embedded in both Eastern and Western traditions. The authors conclude that the phenomenon of tradition in the philosophy of traditionalism through the prism of comparative analysis has a diverse interpretation, sometimes contradictory, and point to critical aspects in understanding traditionalism as a whole.

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