Pathogenetic Rationale for Combined Platelet-Rich Plasma and Low-Level Laser Therapy in Postoperative Hypertrophic Scar Prevention

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT), also known as photobiomodulation therapy, are biologically oriented approaches that may support postoperative wound healing and scar remodeling. This narrative review summarizes the mechanisms of hypertrophic scar formation, PRP effects on dermal fibroblasts and extracellular matrix remodeling, and LLLT-mediated regulation of inflammation, microcirculation and mitochondrial activity. Particular attention is paid to the pathogenetic rationale for combining PRP and LLLT in the early postoperative period. The review emphasizes that this combined approach should be regarded as biologically plausible, but not yet as a standardized method, because clinical protocols, PRP preparation techniques, laser parameters and outcome measures remain heterogeneous.

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