Theoretical analysis of the pressure mechanism of a multi-operation roller machine for processing leather semi-finished products

This article presents a theoretical study of the clamping force mechanism of a multi-operation roller machine designed for the mechanical processing of semi-finished leather products. The relevance of the work is determined by the need to increase the stability of the clamping force and the energy efficiency of roller machines when processing fibrous moisture-containing materials of variable thickness. The calculation scheme of the gear-lever pressure mechanism was developed, its structural analysis was performed based on the Chebyshev formula, the degree of freedom of the mechanism was established, and its differential nature was confirmed. Static analysis was carried out with obtaining analytical dependencies to determine clamping forces, reactions in the support nodes, and internal force factors in structural elements depending on the geometric parameters and angular position of the mechanism. Graphical dependencies of the change in support reactions on the rotation angle were constructed, an expressed nonlinear characteristic of force amplification was revealed, ensuring a progressive increase in pressure in the working zone. It has been established that at an input force of 50 N, the mechanism forms reactions in the support nodes up to 3000–3200 N, which confirms a high coefficient of mechanical strengthening. It has been shown that the nonlinear transfer characteristic contributes to a more uniform load distribution and increased adaptability to changes in the thickness of the leather semi-finished product.

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