Results of the comparative study of Nigella sativa L. seeds oils composition under Bukhara region conditions

Abstract The chemical composition of Nigella sativa L. (black cumin) seed oil has been extensively studied in various regions worldwide; however, data specific to Uzbekistan’s agro-climatic zones remain limited. This study aims to characterize the fatty acid, sterol, and volatile composition of Nigella sativa seeds cultivated in the Bukhara region and to compare the results with international literature. Bukhara is characterized by hot, arid summers and low precipitation, which may influence lipid profiles. Oil yield, fatty acid composition, sterol and triterpene content, and essential oil constituents were analyzed using GC–FID, GC–MS, and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Results revealed that Bukhara-grown Nigella sativa seeds have an oil content of 36.5 ± 0.5%, with linoleic acid (59.1 ± 0.3%), oleic acid (23.5 ± 0.2%), palmitic acid (11.8 ± 0.1%), and thymoquinone (2.3 ± 0.1%) as major compounds. Compared to other regions, Bukhara samples showed higher thymoquinone accumulation, highlighting their potential as valuable raw material for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries.

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