Improving water discharge monitoring in energy-efficient smart sluice gates

In recent years, the rational use of water resources has become an increasingly urgent issue due to global climate change, population growth, and the expansion of irrigated agricultural land. In particular, improving the accuracy of water measurement and the efficiency of water distribution in irrigation systems has introduced new requirements for modern hydraulic structures. Conventional sluice gates used in open irrigation canals rely on empirical coefficients to estimate water discharge and therefore cannot always provide high measurement accuracy. Moreover, their operation may result in considerable energy losses. This study developed a methodology for the automatic monitoring of water discharge and the digital determination of hydraulic parameters using the modern energy-efficient and intelligent Smart Channel M-1 sluice gate. During the study, ultrasonic sensors were used to measure water level and flow velocity, while mathematical models for discharge estimation and automated control algorithms were developed. The results showed that the use of modern smart sluice gates can improve water-discharge measurement accuracy to within ±2.5%, reduce energy consumption by 40–60%, and increase water-distribution efficiency to 90–95%. The integration of solar panels and GSM/GPRS communication modules into the system enables real-time remote monitoring. The findings demonstrate that the application of the Smart Channel M-1 device in irrigation canals, farms, and water-distribution structures provides an effective solution for the digitalization of water-resource management and the implementation of automated control systems.

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