Development and evaluation of biodegradable engine oil based on corn oil with the addition of flotation graphite

This study is dedicated to the development of a biodegradable engine oil based on corn oil with the addition of finely dispersed graphite obtained during the second flotation purification of graphite ore (carbon content -31%) as an antiwear additive.The engine oil composition (M-8G2Bk) was obtained by thermal treatment of the mixture at 125°C for 60-80 min and was analyzed using modern analytical methods.The fatty acid composition of corn oil was determined by gas-liquid chromatography, its structural features were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy, and the elemental composition of graphite was analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy.A comparative analysis of the physicochemical properties showed that the developed biodegradable oil exceeds traditional mineral oil M-8G2 in several parameters: viscosity index (160 vs. 85), flash point temperature (242°C vs. 200°C), pour point temperature (-19°C vs. -25°C), and significantly lower ash content (0.064% vs. 1.1%).At the same time, the composition has a low alkaline number (0.21 mg KOH/g), indicating the need for additional detergent-dispersant and antioxidant additives.Microbiological monitoring of soils contaminated with motor oils showed that the use of M-8G2Bk reduced the number of microorganisms by only two orders of magnitude, whereas mineral oil M-8G2 reduced it by five orders of magnitude.This confirms the ecological safety and biodegradability of the proposed composition, as well as its integration into soil ecosystems without disturbing their biocenosis.Thus, the proposed engine oil based on corn oil with the addition of finely dispersed graphite combines high operational properties and environmental advantages and can be considered as a promising alternative to traditional mineral motor oils

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