Assessing the seismic vulnerability of single-family residential buildings in the Khorezm region

The effect of seismic waves on detached rammed earth and adobe-brick buildings in the Khorezm region, along with an assessment of the buildings' vulnerability, was numerically modeled using the PLAXIS 3D software package, which is based on the finite element method. The maximum amplitudes of displacements, velocities, and accelerations were determined at pre-selected observation points on the building. A comparative analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between the effect of seismic waves and the building type. A model of a detached building in the Khorezm region was developed. Rammed earth and mud-brick were adopted as the building materials. The calculation results showed that the rammed earth building, having a higher mass, was at greater risk of brittle failure due to the generation of high inertial forces during an earthquake. In contrast, the mud-brick building is considered a relatively lightweight structure, and its safety level is increased by reinforcement with a seismic belt and connecting elements. In seismic zones and areas with high soil moisture, it is advisable to use lightweight structural systems.

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