MODEL-BASED ASSESSMENT OF A 60 W MONOCRYSTALLINE PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE AND TWO THREE-MODULE CONFIGURATIONS UNDER HOT-SUMMER CONDITIONS IN TERMEZ, UZBEKISTAN

This study presents a reproducible model-based assessment of a representative 60 W monocrystalline photovoltaic module and two 180 W three-module array configurations under a prescribed hot-summer day in Termez, Uzbekistan. Solar position was calculated at 15-minute resolution for 13 July 2026 using the site coordinates (37.22° N, 67.28° E) and local civil time (UTC+5). Clear-sky global horizontal irradiance was estimated with the Haurwitz model, separated into direct and diffuse components using the Erbs correlation, and transposed to tilted planes using an isotropic-sky formulation. Module temperature was calculated with the NOCT-SAM model, and DC power was estimated using a linear temperature-corrected power relationship. System 1 comprised three co-planar modules tilted 14° and facing south. System 2 comprised one east-facing, one south-facing, and one west-facing module, all tilted 14°; optical concentration and inter-module reflection were not assumed. The model placed solar noon at 12:36 local time and the maximum south-facing plane-of-array irradiance at 12:30, thereby maintaining consistency between solar geometry and irradiance. The south-facing module reached 74.5°C and a maximum DC power of 49.4 W. Daily DC energy was 428.1 Wh per south-facing module, 1284.3 Wh for System 1, and 1275.4 Wh for System 2. The east-south-west arrangement reduced the array peak by 3.0% and increased morning and evening energy by 4.5% and 8.0%, respectively, but reduced total daily energy by 0.70%. The results show that orientation diversification can flatten the production profile without necessarily increasing daily energy. Because the analysis uses a clear-sky model, a prescribed temperature profile, and constant wind speed, field measurements are required before site-specific performance claims are made.

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