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Identification of low redshift groups and clusters of galaxies in the X-CLASS survey and the X-ray luminosity-temperature relation

Q. MoysanUniversité de ToulouseFlorian SarronIRAP , Université de Toulouse , CNRS , CNES , 14 Avenue Belin , 31400 Toulouse , FranceN. ClercCentre National d'Études SpatialesG. SoucailInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et PlanétologieC. AdamiAix-Marseille UniversitéB. AltieriESAC/ESA , Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n. , Urb. Villafranca del Castillo , 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada , Madrid , SpainR. CabanacUniversité de ToulouseMaria ChiraInstitute for Astronomy & Astrophysics , National Observatory of Athens , 15236 Palaia Penteli , GreeceJohan ComparatInstitut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des ParticulesD. CoiaTelespazio UK for ESA , European Space Astronomy Centre , Operations Department , E-28691 Villanueva de la Cañada , SpainE. DriggaInstitute for Astronomy & Astrophysics , National Observatory of Athens , 15236 Palaia Penteli , GreeceE.R. GAYNULLINAUlugh Beg Astronomical Institute of Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences , 33 Astronomicheskaya Str. , Tashkent 100052 , UzbekistanA. KhalikovaUlugh Beg Astronomical Institute of Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences , 33 Astronomicheskaya Str. , Tashkent 100052 , UzbekistanE. KoulouridisInstitute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote SensingK. MigkasLeiden Observatory , Leiden University , P.O. Box 9513 , 2300 RA Leiden , The NetherlandsM. MolhamNational Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG) , 11421 Helwan , EgyptLouise PaquereauInstitut d'Astrophysique de ParisT. SadibekovaUniversité Paris-Saclay , Université Paris Cité , CEA , CNRS , AIM , 91191 , Gif-sur-Yvette , FranceI. ValtchanovTelespazio UK for ESA , European Space Astronomy Centre , Operations Department , E-28691 Villanueva de la Cañada , Spain
2026en
ABI

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Properties of the hot intracluster and intragroup medium are mostly set by the underlying gravitational potential well, although complex astrophysical processes at play during their buildup may leave a significant imprint. Observational constraints on the degree and scales of such non-gravitational processes require well-selected samples of objects and deep observations of their gas content. We aim to study the scaling relation between two global properties of the hot gas, namely its soft-band X-ray luminosity ($L_X$) and its temperature ($T$), by studying a sample of low-mass systems associated with precise redshifts, simultaneously accounting for sample selection biases and associated measurement uncertainties. This work takes as input a large catalogue of X-ray-selected galaxy clusters (X-CLASS). We perform a thorough revision of the redshifts of sources using deep photometric data from the Legacy Surveys and our own tailored spectroscopic follow-up of 52 low-redshift systems. We devise a spectroscopically complete sample of 155 low-redshift ($0.07

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