THE ROLE OF ANGIOGENIC GROWTH FACTORS IN PREDICTING PREECLAMPSIA IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

Objective: to assess the comparative dynamics of vascular endothelial (VEGF) and placental (PlGF) growth factors in pregnant women with gestational (GAH) and chronic arterial hypertension (CAH) and to evaluate their prognostic value for preeclampsia (PE). Materials and methods: a total of 200 pregnant women aged 19–38 years observed during 2023–2025 in perinatal departments of Bukhara and Tashkent were examined. Four groups were formed: Group I — 50 women with physiological pregnancy; Group II — 50 with GAH; Group III — 50 with CAH; Group IV — 50 with moderate PE. Serum VEGF and PlGF were measured by ELISA at 12–13, 24–25 and 32–34 weeks of gestation. Diagnostic performance was assessed by ROC analysis. Results: at 32–34 weeks of gestation, women with PE showed VEGF 7.8±0.3 pg/mL (physiological decline to 5.3±0.9 pg/mL in controls) and PlGF 370.5±21.0 pg/mL (vs. 480.2±26.4 pg/mL in controls), p<0.001. The VEGF/PlGF ratio showed AUC=0.94 with 91 % sensitivity and 90 % specificity; the combined model (VEGF + PlGF + dynamics between examination points) achieved AUC=0.96 with 93 % sensitivity and 92 % specificity. Conclusion: dynamic assessment of VEGF and PlGF, supplemented by their ratio, is a reliable tool for early diagnosis and prediction of PE in pregnant women with arterial hypertension and can be introduced into routine antenatal care in the Republic of Uzbekistan.

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