Thermo-enviro-economic optimization of a coke oven gas and LNG-driven multi-generation system: A 4E analysis with life cycle analysis and intelligent multi-objective optimization

A new COG-fueled integrated multi-generation system is proposed and evaluated for simultaneous production of electricity, hydrogen, heating and cooling. The system consists of an organic Rankine, a modified Kalina, an electrolyzer, and liquefied-natural-gas cold-energy usage, while a cascaded heat recovery is employed to enhance resource utilization. 4E (exergy, energy, environmental, economic) assessments and a life cycle assessment (LCA) of environmental impacts are carried out to comprehensively test the system. Moreover, a hybrid Light Gradient Boosting Machine–Crow Search Algorithm framework is developed for the identification of optimal operating conditions under various multi-objective optimization situations. Under the baseline scenario, the setup yields an energetic efficiency of 62.51%, an exergetic efficiency of 37.44% and a net power generation of 16,007 kW, H 2 output of 8.06 kg/h, energy levelized cost (LCOE) of 0.0952 $/kWh, and CO 2 emission intensity of 0.216 kg/kWh. The economic evaluation results in a payback period of 5.538 years and a net present value of 50.969 M$. The LCA leads to a total global-warming of 0.64 kg CO₂-eq /kWh. The multi-objective optimization results in an even better system performance with an exergetic stability factor of 0.252, an LCOE of 0.073 $/kWh and an exergetic efficiency of 42.49%. By presenting the outcomes, the potential of the suggested integrated setup and hybrid optimization approach to enhance the thermo-economic-environmental performance of COG-fueled multi-generation systems was demonstrated.

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