Andijonning turli yoshdagi qishloq erkak va ayollari populyatsiyasida surunkali yuqumsiz kasalliklarning yetakchi xatar omillarini epidemiologik tavsiflari
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Annotatsiya
Major chronic non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular diseases, tumors, and chronic respiratory diseases) have been among the most widespread diseases in the world in recent years and remain a major focus of scientific research and medical practice, as they are a leading cause of the continuous need for treatment among the population. Therefore, in the current era, preventive medicine, both theoretically and practically, particularly in relation to major non-communicable diseases, has become an urgent issue and a necessity. According to the World Health Organization, “the annual mortality rate from them is 71%, and economic losses amount to about 1 trillion per year...” Worldwide, special attention is given to epidemiological research aimed at identifying regional characteristics in the occurrence of major non-communicable diseases and developing and improving measures for the prevention of their various forms. In particular, the introduction of methods for the early detection and prediction of the risk of developing major non-communicable diseases based on “epidemiological markers”—that is, risk factors—in populations with different characteristics is considered one of the key tasks. At the same time, scientific research is actively being conducted, including in Uzbekistan, to accurately and objectively assess epidemiological and clinical processes in non-communicable diseases and to improve predictive algorithms and models, taking into account territorial patterns of disease and the “accumulation of risk factors.” However, despite the significant achievements of medical science, there is still no generally accepted methodology for the prevention of major non-communicable diseases. According to Western medicine, the outcome of prevention (population health) is approximately 50% related to living conditions and lifestyle, 20% to environmental conditions, 20% to genetic factors, and 10% to the healthcare system. According to Eastern medicine, the outcome of prevention is 70% related to thinking, 20% to lifestyle, and 10% to nutrition.