ABU RAYHON BERUNIYNING “TAFHIM” ASARIDAGI TABIIY-ILMIY VA FALSAFIY QARASHLAR

This article analyzes the natural-scientific and philosophical views of Abu Rayhan al-Biruni presented in his work Tafhim. It examines the scientific and educational content of the work, the author’s approach to the process of knowledge acquisition, and the interrelationship of his views on mathematics, geometry, astronomy, and geography. The work’s treatment of celestial bodies, the structure of the universe, spatial relations, time, and space is discussed in relation to the key features of the scientific thought of the period. The study also demonstrates that the question-and-answer structure of Tafhim reflects Abu Rayhan al-Biruni’s views on the methodology of teaching and explaining scientific knowledge. The relationship between the natural-scientific content of the work and its philosophical reflections is analyzed from the perspective of Abu Rayhan al-Biruni’s understanding of science, reason, experience, and theoretical knowledge

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